منابع مشابه
Total internal reflection fluorescence.
Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) is an optical effect particularly well-suited to the study of molecular and cellular phenomena at liquid/solid interfaces. Such interfaces are central to a wide range of biochemical and biophysical processes: binding to and triggering of cells by hormones, neurotransmitters, and antigens; blood coagulation at foreign surfaces; electron transport in ...
متن کاملTotal internal reflection Raman spectroscopy.
Total internal reflection (TIR) Raman spectroscopy is an experimentally straightforward, surface-sensitive technique for obtaining chemically specific spectroscopic information from a region within approximately 100-200 nm of a surface. While TIR Raman spectroscopy has long been overshadowed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering, with modern instrumentation TIR Raman spectra can be acquired from...
متن کاملTotal internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy.
Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy (TIRFM) is an elegant optical technique that provides for the excitation of fluorophores in an extremely thin axial region ("optical section"). The method is based on the principle that when excitation light is totally internally reflected in a transparent solid (e.g., coverglass) at its interface with liquid, an electromagnetic field, ca...
متن کاملTotal internal reflection: a deeper look.
In the present paper, we have presented a Maxwellian boundary-type solution for total internal reflection with unbounded incident waves at an interface between two nonabsorbing media, in which the instantaneous, time varying, and time averaged radiant fluxes have been determined at all points in the two media. Solutions for the s and p polarizations were found for which the instantaneous tangen...
متن کاملTotal internal reflection: an essay on paradigms.
INTRODUCTION This paper presents a personal view of the relationship between science and the humanities within medical education, arguing for a more even balance between the two. This view stems from the author's recent experience of exploring the literature of learning theory and the social sciences. BACKGROUND For historical reasons, medical education is dominated by a positivistic paradigm...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 2000
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/35001682